Maltese Health Issues and How to Spot Them Early

Imagine your playful Maltese suddenly becoming lethargic, limping, or showing odd behaviors—would you know what’s wrong? Maltese dogs, with their charming looks and loving personalities, are prone to several health issues that can sneak up silently. Knowing how to spot these problems early could make all the difference in your dog’s happiness and longevity. Read on to discover the most common Maltese health issues and how to recognize them before they become serious.

Understanding Maltese Health: Why Early Detection Matters

The Maltese breed is adored for its affectionate nature and elegant appearance, but like all purebred dogs, it comes with a unique set of health challenges. Early detection and proactive care are essential for preventing minor issues from escalating into life-threatening conditions. By learning the signs and symptoms of common Maltese health problems, you can ensure your furry friend enjoys a long, vibrant life.

Orthopedic Conditions

• Luxating Patella
  • Description: Slipped kneecap, common in Maltese.
  • Symptoms: Limping, skipping steps, holding up a hind leg, sudden yelp.
  • Management: Weight control, regular vet checks, surgery for severe cases.
• Hip Dysplasia
  • Description: Abnormal hip joint development.
  • Symptoms: Limping, reluctance to jump, difficulty rising.
  • Management: Healthy weight, regular exercise.
• Knee Problems (Other)
  • Description: Includes various knee joint issues.
  • Symptoms: Limping, reluctance to walk, sudden lameness.
  • Prevention: Avoid high jumps and slippery surfaces.

Dental and Oral Health

• Dental Disease
  • Description: Prone to tartar, gum disease, tooth loss.
  • Symptoms: Bad breath, red/bleeding gums, loose teeth, trouble eating.
  • Prevention: Regular brushing, professional cleanings.

Respiratory Disorders

• Collapsed Trachea
  • Description: Weakening and collapse of windpipe.
  • Symptoms: “Goose-honk” cough, noisy/labored breathing, fainting.
  • Management: Use harness, maintain healthy weight, vet evaluation for cough.
• Breathing Issues (Other)
  • Description: Includes allergies, infections.
  • Symptoms: Noisy breathing, snoring, coughing, labored breaths.
  • Action: Prompt veterinary evaluation.

Neurological Disorders

• White Dog Shaker Syndrome
  • Description: Tremors due to cerebellar inflammation, unique to small white breeds.
  • Symptoms: Sudden full-body tremors, uncoordinated movements.
  • Treatment: Veterinary intervention, medication.
• Seizures
  • Description: Can result from various causes (liver shunt, hypoglycemia, infection).
  • Symptoms: Shaking, loss of consciousness, unusual movements.
  • Action: Keep dog safe, contact vet immediately.
• Hydrocephalus
  • Description: “Water on the brain,” congenital.
  • Symptoms: Enlarged head, unsteady gait, seizures.
  • Management: Supportive care after early diagnosis.

Eye Conditions

• Cataracts
  • Description: Cloudy lens, leads to vision loss.
  • Symptoms: Milky eyes, bumping into things, behavior changes.
  • Treatment: Surgery possible if caught early.
• Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA)
  • Description: Genetic, causes gradual blindness.
  • Symptoms: Night blindness, reluctance in the dark.
  • Management: No cure, adapt environment for safety.

Digestive and Metabolic Disorders

• Colitis
  • Description: Colon inflammation.
  • Symptoms: Diarrhea, mucus in stool, abdominal discomfort.
  • Triggers: Stress, diet, infection.
  • Action: Veterinary diagnosis and treatment.
• Liver Shunts (Portosystemic Shunt)
  • Description: Toxins bypass liver.
  • Symptoms: Stunted growth, vomiting, drooling, confusion, seizures.
  • Management: Early diagnosis, surgery or dietary management.
• Obesity
  • Description: Excess weight, common and preventable.
  • Risks: Joint stress, diabetes, heart disease, worsens other conditions.
  • Prevention: Monitor weight, regular exercise, avoid overfeeding.
• Hypoglycemia
  • Description: Low blood sugar, especially in puppies.
  • Symptoms: Weakness, tremors, confusion, seizures.
  • Prevention: Regular meals, monitor for lethargy.
• Hypothyroidism
  • Description: Underactive thyroid.
  • Symptoms: Weight gain, lethargy, hair loss, skin problems.
  • Treatment: Daily medication after diagnosis.

Urinary and Kidney Disorders

• Bladder Stones
  • Description: Mineral deposits in urinary tract.
  • Symptoms: Pain, difficulty urinating, blood in urine, frequent accidents.
  • Treatment: Diet change, possible surgery.

Cardiac Conditions

• Heart Disease (including Mitral Valve Disease)
  • Description: Various heart conditions.
  • Symptoms: Coughing, fatigue, breathing difficulty, fainting.
  • Action: Regular checkups, early intervention.
• Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)
  • Description: Congenital heart defect.
  • Symptoms: Poor growth, rapid breathing, fatigue.
  • Treatment: Early detection, surgical correction.

Allergies and Immune Disorders

• Allergies
  • Description: Triggered by food, environment, fleas.
  • Symptoms: Itching, red skin, ear infections, excessive licking/chewing.
  • Management: Identify/remove allergen, veterinary treatment.

Ear and Infection-Related Issues

• Otitis Media (Middle Ear Infection)
  • Description: Chronic ear infection.
  • Symptoms: Head shaking, scratching ears, balance problems, foul odor.
  • Action: Prompt treatment to prevent complications.
• Infections (General)
  • Description: Includes skin, ear, respiratory, urinary infections.
  • Symptoms: Fever, lethargy, appetite loss, redness/swelling.
  • Action: Early veterinary care.

How to Spot Health Issues Early

Early detection is the key to managing Maltese health problems. Here are practical steps every owner should take:

• Schedule regular veterinary checkups and screenings
• Monitor your dog’s weight, appetite, and energy levels
• Inspect eyes, ears, teeth, and skin weekly for changes
• Watch for limping, coughing, or changes in behavior
• Keep a health journal to track symptoms and medication
• Stay informed about breed-specific risks

When to See a Vet

If you notice any sudden changes in your Maltese’s behavior, appetite, mobility, or appearance, don’t wait—schedule a veterinary appointment. Early intervention can prevent minor issues from becoming major problems and give your dog the best chance at a healthy, happy life.

Conclusion

Your Maltese depends on you to recognize the subtle signs of illness and act quickly. By staying informed, maintaining regular vet visits, and monitoring your dog’s health, you can catch problems early and ensure your beloved companion enjoys every moment by your side. Remember, a proactive approach is the best way to keep your Maltese